Relative minima and maxima can exist when f '(x) = 0. x = a, x = d and x = f. But which indicates a max and which indicates a min?

To distinguish between a relative minimum and a relative maximum, use the 1st or 2nd derivative test.

Refer to the hints in problem 5-42 for more guidance.

f(x) increases when the slope is positive... and we are looking at graph of the slopes.

Inflection points can happen where f ''(x) = 0... and we are looking at the graph of f '(x).

f(x) is concave up when f ''(x) > 0... and we are looking at a graph of f '(x).