Evaluate the following expressions without a calculator.  

1. $\log_3\left(\frac{1}{81}\right)$ 

   Step (a):

   $3^?=\frac{1}{81}$

2. $\log_3(54)-\log_3(2)$ 

   Step (b):

   $\log_3\left(\frac{54}{2}\right)$

3. $\ln\left(e^{12}\right)$ 

   Step (c):

   $12\ln(e)$

4. $\frac { 5 \operatorname { ln } ( e ^ { 2 } ) } { \operatorname { ln } ( \frac { 1 } { e } ) }$ 

   Step (d):

   $\frac{5\cdot 2\ln(e)}{\ln(e^{-1})}$